This two-disc set is perhaps Jordi Savall’s most ambitious and handsome one yet! It is programmatic, following the life and eastern travels of Francis Xavier (1506-1552), the founder of the Catholic Church’s Xavarian order. Vocal and instrumental music from various periods in his life abound. There are lively dances like the opening rotundellus and melancholy sacred refrains with original instruments, like Dios Te Salve. Listening to these works, you realize how easily religious and secular culture comingled, sometimes within the same composition. At the end of the first disc, there is a virtuosic African drum piece and a riveting Indian raga, ostensibly of the type Xavier may have encountered in his travels. Perhaps to keep Xavier’s roots in mind, Savall has inserted a snatch of Gregorian chant between an Iberian villancico (folk song) and the Indian raga.
CD1. EUROPE IN THE AGE OF HUMANISM
I. Birth and youth of Francis Xavier
1 ANONYMOUS. Alba & Rotundellus
1506 Francis Xavier is born at the Castle of Xavier (Navarre)
2 P. DE ESCOBAR. Villancico: Virgen Bendita CMP 416
1509 Erasmus wrote his “Praise of Folly”, dedicated to Thomas More
3 ANONYMOUS. Consort XXI (Anon. Henry VIII mss.)
1512 Ferdinand II conquers Navarre and takes it from the French
4 J. PONCE, Villancico: Francia, cuenta tu ganancia CMP 443
II. Youth of Francis Xavier
1513 Machiavelli writes “The Prince”
5 ANONYMOUS. Paduana (Mss. Venezia) 0
1516 Death of Ferdinand II of Catalonia-Aragon
6 ANONYMOUS. Villancico: Dios te salve, Cruz preciosa (CMP 434)
Thomas More publishes his “UTOPIA”
7 J. LLOYD. Puzzle-canon I (Henry VIII mss.)
1517 Luther nails his 95 theses to the church door of Wittenberg Castle
8 H. ISAAC Song: O Welt, Ich muss dich lassen (sopra Innsbruck, Ich muss dich lassen)
III. Studies at the University of Paris (1525-1536)
1525 Battle of Pavia. Journey to Paris
9 Pavana “La Bataglia”
1528 Graduates from university. Meets Ignatius Loyola
10 CL. SERMISY Benedic Anima mea
1534 Conversion of Francis Xavier
11 Psalterio (improvisation)
12 O Gloriosa Domina I (Gregorian)
13 VENEGAS DE HENESTROSA. Himno XX O Gloriosa Domina
14 Quod Eva tristis (Gregorian II)
15 L. DE NARVAEZ. Diferencia II O Gloriosa Domina
16 Tu regis alti ianua (Gregorian III)
17 Improvisation (Psalterium)
1535 Henry VIII breaks with Rome and orders the execution of Thomas More
18 CH. TYE. In Nomine Seldom sene
Francis Xavier takes his first vows
19 ANONYMOUS. Villancico: Adoramus te Señor (CMP 420)
IV. Italy and the Foundation of the Society of Jesus
1536 Journey to Basel, Lake Constance and Venice
20 H. ISAAC, Benedictus (a 3)
21 ANONYMOUS. Saltarello (mss. Venecia)
1540 Pope Paul III approves the Society of Jesus (Bull Regimini Militantis Ecclesiæ)
22 C. DE MORALES. Sanctus
Francis Xavier is appointed Apostolic Nuncio in the East.
23 J. DEL ENCINA, Villancico: Pués que tu, Reyna del Cielo (CMP 442)
V. From Lisbon to Africa and India
1541 From Lisbon to Cape Verde, Guinea and Mozambique
24 Percussions from Africa. Dir. Lahoucine Baquir
25 Impressions. Driss El Maloumi (Oud)
1542 Arrival in Goa. Portuguese India
26 ANONYMOUS. Villancico: Senhora del Mundo (CMBP’ Nº 74 PORTUGALIÆ MUSICA Nº 23)
1547-49 Missions in Malacca and the Moluccas
27 O Gloriosa Domina I (Gregorian)
28 Raga on O Gloriosa Domina
CD2. ARRIVAL IN JAPAN
VI. A new world of culture. Arrival in Japan.
1549 Arrival in the city of Kagoshima
1 Shino no netori. Shinobue
Death of Pope Paul III
2 C. DE MORALES. INVITATORIUM: Regem cui
1550 Journey to the Imperial Court of Miyako (Kyoto)
3 Honnôji. Biwa & voice
1551 Sojourn in Yamaguchi and apostolate (Manuale ad Sacramenta)
O GLORIOSA DOMINA Oratio Christianorum Ocultorum)
4 Psalterium (impro.) O Gloriosa Domina I
5 O Gloriosa. Shakuhashi
6 Quod Eva tristis II
7 Improvisation I. Biwa & Shinobue
8 Tu regis alti ianua III
9 Improvisation II. Shakuhashi & Biwa
10 Patri sit Paraclito IV
11 O Gloriosa. Biwa
12 O Gloriosa Domina – Amen
1551 Journey to the kingdom of Bungo
13 Reibo, Shakuhachi
1551 November Departure from Japan, leaving behind a community of some 2000 Christians
14 F. DE LA TORRE. Villancico : Adoramus te Domine (CMP 444)
VII. Approaching the Closed Gates of China
1552 Returns to Goa. Journey to Malacca, Cochin and Singapore, en route to China
15 Improv. Senhora del Mundo Tablas & Sarod
1552 July Arrival in Sancian
16 Improvisation
17 O Gloriosa Domina Diferencia I (Vihuela)
1553 Dies on 3rd December off the coast of China (Island of Sancian)
18 C. DE MORALES. In Secundo Nocturno “Ne Recorderis”
1554 His body is taken first to Malacca and then to Goa
19 FANTASIA (Instrumental March)
1613 Japan breaks off all contact with the West
20 Rangyoku, Nokan
The enduring testament of Francis Xavier
21 ANONYMOUS (CHINA) Ave Maria (pentatonic)
— Peter Bates